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Refracting telescope: It uses a convex lens or concave mirror as the eyepiece, forming an image through the refraction or reflection of light. Galilean and
Keplerian telescopes are common types of refracting telescopes.
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Reflecting telescope: It uses a parabolic reflective mirror as the main mirror, forming an image through the reflection of light. Newtonian and Cassegrain telescopes are common types of reflecting telescopes.
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Catadioptric telescope: It adds a refractive element to the optical path of a reflecting telescope to correct image distortion. Schmidt-Cassegrain and Maksutov-Cassegrain telescopes are common types of catadioptric telescopes.
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Radio telescope: It is used to observe the radio waves emitted by celestial bodies and collect and analyze these signals. Radio telescopes can have very large apertures to capture faint signals.
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Space telescope: Telescopes placed in space can avoid the interference of the atmosphere on observations. The famous Hubble Space Telescope is an example, and its observed images are very clear due to the lack of atmospheric interference.
These different types of telescopes play important roles in various observational conditions and scientific goals, providing us with key observational tools to understand the universe.